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始建于1167年，公立大学，世界负有盛名的高等教育机构，极具影响力的研究型学校，政治领袖及诺贝尔奖获得者等的高产院校

牛津大学（University of Oxford，简称 ：Oxon.）位于英国牛津市，是英语世界中较古老的大学。虽然牛津大学的确切创立日期仍不清楚，但其历史可大约追溯到十二世纪末，迄今已有九个世纪。1209年，在牛津学生与镇民的冲突事件过后，一些牛津的学者迁离至东北方的剑桥镇，并成立剑桥大学。自此之后，两间大学彼此之间展开相当悠久的竞争岁月。

有“全球本科生诺贝尔奖”之称的罗德奖学金，每年在全球选取80名优良的大四本科生去牛津大学攻读硕士或博士。这些罗德学者之后在全世界都有非常重要的影响力。

目前，牛津共有39个学院，它们和学校的关系就像美国中央政府与地方政府的关系那样采用联邦制形式。每一所学院都由HeadofHouse和几个Fellows管理，他们都是各种学术领域的专家，其中大多数在学校都有职位。6个准学院。此外还有一个继续教育学院。在35个学院中，众灵学院目前没有学生，只有院士（包括访问院士）。各学院规模不等，但都在500人以下，学生、教师（院士）来自不同的专业学科。

除学院外，牛津大学的教学和研究活动（尤其是后者），主要由学部来组织，学部不是大学内的自治单位，它们都是跨学院的机构，不附属于任何一个学院，不过各学部的教师和学生，首先是牛津大学内某一学院的一员。牛津现有16个学部：人类学和地理学学部，生物科学学部，临床医学学部，英语和文学学部，法学学部，经典、哲学和古代历史学部，数学学部，中世纪和现代语言学部，现代历史学部，音乐学部，东方学学部，物理科学学部，生理科学学部，心理学学部，社会学学部，神学学部，文科学部下一般不再分系，理科学部下又分成30多个系，有的学部还设一些中心和研究所。此外，有的研究所（如教育研究所，招收有研究生）不隶属于上述各学部，而直属于大学。

经过文艺复兴和宗教改革的洗礼以及现代化的过程，牛津大学现在已发展成为一个拥有30多个学院、1万多名学生的综合性大学。牛津大学以自然科学和应用经济科学、商务管理哲学三大领域的不断进取与创新成就，震撼整个世界，同时也以丰富多样的教学方法声名远扬：阅读、实验、导师辅导等多种方法结合，尊重学习规律，调动学生学习热情，培养出一代代堪称天之骄子的牛津精英。该校在心理学、生物学和法律、工程学、社会科学、经济、哲学、历史、音乐、化学、生物化学、文学、法语、德语、丹麦语、数学、物理、地球科学上均是行内之翘楚。

在近800年的历史中，牛津大学培养了5个国王、26位英国首相、多位外国政府首脑、近40位诺贝尔奖获得者以及一大批科学家，如经济学家亚当·斯密、哲学家培根、诗人雪莱、作家格林、化学家罗伯特·玻意耳、天文学家哈雷等。就连2001年诺贝尔文学奖获得者奈保尔，也毕业于牛津大学英文系。2001至2002学年，在牛津大学就读的学生总数超过1.65万人，其中，来自130多个国家的外国留学生占了1/3，在校研究生的数目约为5000人。牛津大学为人类文明的发展进步做出了重大的贡献。

Founded in 1167, the public university, the world's famous higher education institution, the influential research school, political leaders, Nobel Prize winners and other high-yield institutions, Oxford University (Oxon for short) is located in Oxford, England, which is the oldest university in the English world. Although the exact date of the founding of Oxford University is still unclear, its history can be traced back to the end of the 12th century, and it has been nine centuries so far. In 1209, after the conflict between Oxford students and the townspeople, some Oxford scholars moved to Jianqiao town in the northeast and established Cambridge University. Since then, the two universities have been competing with each other for quite a long time. Rhodes scholarship, which is known as the "global undergraduate Nobel Prize", selects 80 excellent senior undergraduates to study for master's degree or doctor's degree at Oxford University every year. These Rhodes scholars later had a very important influence all over the world. At present, there are 39 colleges in Oxford, and their relationship with them is in the form of federalism just like that between the central government and local government in the United States. Each college is managed by headof house and several fellows, who are experts in a variety of academic fields, most of whom have positions in the school. Six associate colleges. There is also a college of continuing education. Of the 35 faculties, there are currently no students, only academicians (including visiting academicians). Each college has different scales, but less than 500 students and teachers (academicians) come from different professional disciplines. In addition to the college, the teaching and research activities of Oxford University (especially the latter) are mainly organized by the school department. The school department is not an autonomous unit within the University. They are all inter college institutions and do not belong to any college. However, the teachers and students of each school department are first a member of a college within niujin University. Oxford has 16 departments: Department of Anthropology and geography, Department of Biological Sciences, Department of clinical medicine, Department of English and literature, Department of law, Department of classics, philosophy and ancient history, Department of mathematics, Department of medieval and modern linguistics, Department of modern history, Department of music, Department of Oriental Studies, Department of Physical Sciences, Department of Physiological Sciences, Department of psychology, Department of sociology The departments of science, theology and liberal arts are generally divided into more than 30 departments. Some departments also have centers and research institutes. In addition, some research institutes (such as the Institute of education, which enrolls postgraduates) do not belong to the above departments, but directly to universities. After the baptism and modernization of the Renaissance and religious reform, Oxford University has now developed into a comprehensive university with more than 30 colleges and 10000 students. Oxford University shocks the whole world with its continuous progress and innovation achievements in the three fields of natural science, applied economic science and business management philosophy. At the same time, it is well known for its rich and diverse teaching methods: reading, experiment, tutor guidance and other methods, respect for the learning law, mobilize students' enthusiasm for learning, and cultivate a generation of Oxford elites who can be called the most proud of the world. The school is the leader in psychology, biology and law, engineering, social science, economy, philosophy, history, music, chemistry, biochemistry, literature, French, German, Danish, mathematics, physics and geoscience. In the past 800 years, Oxford University has cultivated five kings, 26 British prime ministers, many foreign heads of government, nearly 40 Nobel laureates and a large number of scientists, such as economist Adam Smith, philosopher bacon, poet Shelley, writer green, chemist Robert Boyle, astronomer Halley, etc. Even Naipaul, who won the Nobel Prize for literature in 2001, graduated from the English Department of Oxford University. In the academic year 2001-2002, the total number of students studying at Oxford University was more than 16500, of which foreign students from more than 130 countries accounted for one third, and the number of graduate students in school was about 5000. Oxford University has made great contribution to the development and progress of human civilization.

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